This chapter concerns some of the complexities of the word fact: how facts are determined, how they relate to observations, how facts get confused with inferences, how facts relate to truth and reality, how they relate to language.
A fact is something known with certainty through experience, observation, or measurement that can be objectively demonstrated and verified how that people agree corresponds to reality. This can only be determined over time with repeated feedback and testing. In critical thinking we must evaluate all parts of a situation before coming to a final conclusion. We must observe all that surrounds our argument otherwise how can one come to a educate conclusion. You must not only look for facts that are present but also facts that are not there, narrowing down what it truth from foe. When taking observation you must know the difference between a reliable observation and an unreliable observation. It is also important while collecting all this data to not allow it to sway your judgment because it is an ongoing process, keep an open mind until you have the full picture in front of you.
Facts are not the equivalent of truths or reality, they are best, only our decision about what seems to be most real. Human beings need facts because they need certainties in order to proceed through the world. But we should not forget that human beings are fallible. It is our interpretations of what is real and true.
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